Video Games and Movies

Computer games and Movies Games can be considered as toys, yet toys don't generally include the standards and rules of game. From one viewpoint, there are slight contrasts between the idea of game and toy.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Video Games and Movies explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, they are especially featured as far as plan, opportunity of activity, and impediments forced either on game or computerized toy. In his article, Schiesel advances this message to talk about such renowned computerized toy as Mr. Wright’s innovation called Spore and contrast it and different games, in which rules and standards matter more than the genuine saint drew in into the procedure. Truth be told, the nearness of strategies, systems, and rules premium grown-ups more than youngsters in light of the fact that the previous is increasingly worried about the limitations in which their activities are introduced. Kids are progressively inspired by opportunity of activities that permit them to make second adjust sense of self in a computerized domain. As per Schiesel, â€Å"Spore gives clients exceptional opportunity to carry their minds to some similarity to computerized life† (n. p.). Consequently, the toy gives clients a wide scope of devices for uncovering their imagination. It can likewise be introduced in different limits since clients are allowed to pick the jobs and capacities they can perform. Not at all like toys, games are made to embed the toy in a particular setting, in which different headings and systems could be worked out. All the more critically, games are additionally entrancing for clients who accept that advancement is beyond the realm of imagination. At last, toys can't give individuals the elements that the game can present on the grounds that toys can't stick to a particular result. Despite the fact that computer games permit to clients to feel themselves legends who can have otherworldly powers and additio nal capacities, the saints introduced in the film is by all accounts progressively vigorous and sensible. This is of specific worry to the new James Bond †Daniel Craig, whose portrayal of 007 specialist is perceived as a clear and splendid exhibition. In the article, Scott centers around Quantum of Solace film and expect, â€Å"James Bond is an a lot livelier character than both of those mopey vide-game figures, yet he share with them the shocking capacity to oppose, undoubtedly, to overlook, Ms. Kurylenko’s physical charms† (n. p.).Advertising Looking for paper on interchanges media? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More rather than Pierce Brosnan’s portrayal off convoluted feelings, Mr. Craig is by all accounts increasingly certain about speaking to harsh dispositions went with insightful portrayal of his inward encounters. His compassion for another Bond’s young lady varies much from past trans lations of the picture. What's more, the environment of Quantum of Solace is generally impacted by Bond’s past encounters and challenges and, in this way, is film is not so much severe but rather more melodious. Truth be told, Scott’s center around enthusiastic constituent in the film is supported in light of the fact that â€Å"007’s despondency and anger, the wellspring of association with Camille, are powers more remarkable than either obligation or libido† (n. p.). Craig’s rendition of Bond is by all accounts genuinely and mentally more profound when contrasted with past rebirths of the specialist. Subsequently, the article precisely passes on the principle quirks, topics, and issues in the film, just as effectively traces the primary highlights of Craig’s saint. All the more significantly, such a translation clarifies the contrasts among Craig and other actors’ exhibitions and characterizes new bearings in the character improveme nt. At long last, Scott figures out how to characterize the sorts of connections among Bond and Camille that vary much from past associations. Schiesel, Seth. â€Å"Playing God, the Home Game†. The New York Times. 2008. Web. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/05/expressions/TV/05spor.html?pagewanted=all_r=0 Scott, O. A. â€Å"007 Is Back, and He’s Brooding†. The New York Times. 2008. Web. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/14/films/14quan.html

Program Evaluation A Case Study

Presentation as of late, it is turning out to be progressively evident that projects or ventures scarcely get by without an assessment. A program assessment, in addition to other things, gives developmental criticism that inarguably helps to manage the program during the execution phase.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Program Evaluation: A Case Study explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Among the expectations, an assessment gives summative data that obviously exhibits the adequacy of the program towards accomplishing its expressed objectives and targets (Royse et al., 2010). All the more significantly, this data can be utilized to streamline the program’s results, effectiveness, and quality (Fink, 1995). Beneath, this paper delivers a few inquiries identifying with an assessment of Teacher Education Training (TEP). Assessment Questions According to Fink (1995), assessment questions are fundamentally presented essentially to judge the prog ram’s merits, that is, if objectives were met, benefits accomplished, and norms of accomplishment, among others. In that capacity, coming up next are the assessment questions: To what degree did the TEP accomplish its objectives and goals regarding improving your instructing strategies? Has the TEP affected you in any capacity as far as giving information to the understudies you educate? Have there been any adjustments in the manner you fathom the subject you educate in the wake of experiencing the TEP? As you would like to think, do you think the TEP is worth been duplicated in different educational plans of different colleges? Do you despite everything utilize the TEP procedures you learned? How has the TEP changed your general point of view in showing your subject? Guidelines According to Fink (1997), â€Å"setting the principles implies choosing the data expected to give persuading proof regarding a program†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The gauges that are settled on must be fitting, qu antifiable, and solid. For the situation model, coming up next are the guidelines: Testimonials from instructors who have experienced or are experiencing the TEP about patterns of progress Observations by the evaluators on showing techniques between those in the proposed educational program (TEP program) and past alumni Comparison of understudy accomplishment records, i.e., those educated by TEP students and those educated by past alumni Observation for potential contrasts in execution for educators on TEP as far as age, intrigue, and experience Design The assessment configuration is the structure or spine of any task assessment process since it doesn't just report results that can indisputably be connected to the mediation, yet it additionally provides guidance on how the subjects will be contrasted with record potential contrasts. The plan chose by the evaluators has sweeping repercussions on the undertaking ultimate results (Fink, 1995; Creswell, 2003). For the situation study, t he structure utilized is to contrast educators who have experienced TEP and past alumni as far as changes in showing strategies, information on subject instructed, and understudy execution. The measures utilized include: Testing and studying all subjects in the proposed multi year TEP and temporary job program Observing subjects on a yearly premise from passage into TEP until two years after graduation Data Collection Measures An information assortment measure is fundamentally a device or instrument that has been structured, tried, and approved for motivations behind gathering information from the field (Sekaran, 2006). For the situation model, the accompanying information assortment measures are used:Advertising Looking for article on instruction? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Achievement Tests Observations Survey Questionnaires Published Literature Additional data To effectively finish the assessment, you have to realiz e how to investigate the information got from the members. Here, the techniques for investigation are subject to parts of the assessment things, how the factors are resolved, and issues of unwavering quality and legitimacy, among others. For the situation study, all the factors †all out, ordinal, and numerical †must be utilized. At long last you additionally need to realize how to impartially report the outcomes that must include: Purpose of assessment How assessment was done (strategies) Results Implications The assessment reports can either be orally perused or in composed structure. For the situation study, a composed report will be prepared in a half year Reference List Creswell, J.W. (2003). Research Design: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc Fink, A. (1995). Assessment for Education and Psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc Royse, D., Thyer, B.A., Padgett, D.K. (2010). Program Evaluation: An Intr oduction. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Sekaran, U. (2006). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach, fourth Ed. Wiley-India This paper on Program Evaluation: A Case Study was composed and put together by client Jane Roth to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

The Shockingly Simple Change That Can Improve All of Your Relationships

The Shockingly Simple Change That Can Improve All of Your Relationships I was having a cup of coffee at the café a few blocks from my apartment when I noticed something that has become shockingly common nowadays. Seated a few tables from me was a young couple who seemed like they were out on a coffee date.Everything looked okay, but there was one problem. Both the guy and the lady were on their phones. They were not talking to each other. They were not even paying the slightest attention to each other.Each of them was deeply engrossed in their smartphones and the limitless world their smartphones gave them access to.The scenario with the couple at the café is not a solitary case. It has almost become a natural part of the modern world. Next time you are out in public, try looking around and you will see it everywhere.In cafés and restaurants, on buses and trains, in the park, at home, and anywhere else you look, you will find people paying more attention to their phones than to their surroundings and the other people around them.The smartphone has bec ome the most ubiquitous piece of technology in the modern world. It has also brought so much positive changes to our lives. Smartphones have put the whole world at our fingertips.They give us access to unlimited information. We can communicate, shop, send money, plan our schedules, take photos and videos, budget, and do a ton of other things through our smartphones. Despite all these benefits, smartphones also have their drawbacks. We have become addicted to our smartphones.According to this survey, almost half of Americans admit they cannot spend an entire day without access to their smartphones. Even as I was writing this article, I found my hand twitching towards my smartphone a number of times. This addiction to smartphones is having negative effects on several aspects of our lives, including our relationships.Smartphones were invented as a way of making it easier for people to communicate and keep in touch. Unfortunately, while they succeeded in making it easy for us to communi cate, they have reduced our ability to connect with each other on an emotional level.People have become obsessed with texting and social media as the main means of communication, which has in turn made communication a lot less personal. People are opting for text communication over face to face communication.Smartphones have also placed a lot of demand on our time and attention, which has in turn reduced the amount of time and attention we give to our relationships.Like the couple from the café, we spend more time on our phones than we do connecting with others, which is negatively affecting our relationships with others.YOU GIVE LESS ATTENTION TO OTHERSHave you ever been talking to someone, only to realize that they are only listening to you half-heartedly and giving you unconvincing nods while all their attention is directed at their phones? How did it make you feel?Using your phone during a conversation takes your attention from the conversation.You become less engaged in the co nversation, and the other person can actually tell that you are not listening to them. It shows that you don’t give much importance to the conversation.On the other hand, by keeping your phone away during conversations, you are better able to concentrate on the conversation, engage with the other person and properly listen to what they are saying.The person you are conversing with will notice your energy and they will return the same energy to you and the conversation will become more interesting. According to a paper published in the Journal of Applied Social Psychology, people feel more negative towards a simulated conversation when they imagine that the other person is paying more attention to their smartphone.Another study published in Computers in Human Behavior found that conversations were less satisfying when one or all of the people in the conversation were texting during the conversation.YOU MISS THE OPPORTUNITY TO CONNECT ON A DEEPER LEVELToday, a lot of people prefer c ommunicating via text messages and social media compared to face to face or voice communication. A teenager today might opt to use Facebook to get in touch with his crush, when they actually go to the same school and see each other every day.People in their twenties and thirties are foregoing approaching people they like in real life and opting to use apps such as Tinder and OkCupid to find dates. This preoccupation with electronic communication is robbing us of the opportunity to connect with each other on a deeper and emotional level.Interaction between people is not limited to the words we say to each other. When interacting with other people face to face, we watch things such as their posture, their gestures, their facial expressions, their voice and intonation, and so on.These non-verbal cues tell us more than the person is saying with their words and give us a deeper and more emotional understanding of what the other person is saying. Gestures such as hugs, a pat on the back, a stroke on the arm, or simply holding hands allow us to feel closer to others.When we share a touch with others, our brains release a chemical known as oxytocin, which creates an emotional connection between us.When we rely solely on text communication, there is no way for us to communicate non-verbally. Communication becomes superficial since it has been reduced to words on a screen.The result is that there is less intimacy and emotional connection in our interactions, leading to weaker relationships.LEADS TO FEELINGS OF JEALOUSY AND NEGLECT IN ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPSSmartphones are responsible for a lot of broken romantic relationships.According to a survey by psychologists from two US universities, 75% of women feel that smartphones are ruining their relationships. When you spend more time engaging with your phone than you do with your partner, it can make your partner feel like a third wheeler in the relationship.It appears like your phone is more important than your partner, le aving him or her feeling unappreciated and neglected.In some cases, your partner might even feel jealous and assume that you are cheating on them, since you give more attention to other people (those accessible through your phone) than you do to him or her. This can take a toll on the intimacy between the two of you and can even end up breaking the relationship.IT AFFECTS YOUR MOODYour smartphone can also negatively affect your mood and in extension your ability to relate with the people around you. Social media is one of the top activities that people engage in on their smartphones.At the same time, social media use has been shown to contribute to stress and depression, according to a study published in in the Clinical Psychological Science.Social media makes it easy for you to compare yourself to others, which can ruin your mood. For instance, seeing photos of your ex’s wedding can ruin your mood when you are having a night out with friends, making it more difficult for you to e njoy the night.Sometimes, spending a lot of time on social media can act as a replacement for social contact, which makes it more difficult for you to be comfortable in social situations in real life.This can lead to isolation which reinforces your use of social media which in turn makes you more comfortable in social situations, creating a vicious cycle that undermines your ability to connect and interact with other people in real life.HOW TO DITCH YOUR PHONE AND IMPROVE ALL OF YOUR RELATIONSHIPSIt is clear that your smartphone is doing harm to your relationships in more ways than one. One shockingly simple thing you can do to improve all your relationships, therefore, is to ditch your phone.Keep it tucked away and you will definitely see and improvement in all your relationships with others â€" your parents, your friends, your colleagues, and your romantic partners.Unfortunately, keeping away your smartphone is not that easy. We are constantly reaching for it to check for notifica tions. Sometimes, reaching for your pocket and not feeling your phone almost triggers a mini heart attack.So, how do you keep it away to ensure that it does not affect your relationships? Below are some smartphone rules you should follow to prevent the gadget from getting in the way of your relationships.Avoid Using Your Phone In Social SituationsIgnoring other people in favor of paying attention to your phone has become so common that there is even a name for it â€" “phubbing”.This term was introduced as an attempt to push back against the social consequences of people paying more attention to their phones than to the people around them. Using your phone during a social situation does not just affect the people around you. It also affects you.According to this study, people who are constantly on their phones during a dinner date with friends are more likely to get bored and enjoy the dinner less compared to those who keep their phones away.Despite this, people still use their p hones during social interactions. According to this study, 89% of smartphone users were on their phone at least once during their most recent social interaction.If you want to keep the interaction interesting and enjoyable both for yourself and for those around you, you should avoid using your phone in social situations.When you find yourself in a situation where you will be interacting with others â€" having dinner with family, sitting for some drinks with friends, chatting with colleagues at work, on a romantic date, and anywhere else â€" you should avoid using your phone.Talk Now, Text LaterOne of the advantages of smartphones is that they made everything available instantaneously and on-demand. That friend who is in a different country? You can reach him instantly through a WhatsApp message.Seen something funny?You can share it with the world instantly.They basically allow us to be connected to the world from anywhere, at any time. On the flip side, this also means that people h ave access to us anytime, regardless of where we are, through texts, emails, tweets and so on.Your boss can send a work email when you are on a romantic date with your spouse and distract you from the moment. The key to making sure that the texts and emails don’t distract you is to remind yourself that you can always reply to them later.Focus on enjoying the current moment with the people who are physically present. Give them your complete attention. People won’t die because you replied to their text or email an hour later.But wait, what if there is an emergency? If it was an emergency, don’t you think the person would have called instead of sending an email or a text?Keep Your Phone Out Of Sight During Important ConversationsSometimes, avoiding using your phone during a conversation is not enough. You should keep it completely out of sight. Having your phone where you can see it can be highly distracting, making it difficult for you to give your undivided attention.Seeing you r phone stirs thoughts about the things that might be happening in the world accessible through your phone. You might remember the photo you posted on Instagram. How many likes has it gotten so far?How about the witty tweet you sent an hour ago? How have people reacted to it? These thoughts end up taking your mind away from the interaction.All this is not mere speculation.According to this study, the mere presence of a phone affects the quality of a conversation, even if no one is using the phone. It makes the relationship between the people in the conversation less empathetic and trustworthy.Therefore, the next time you need to have an important conversation with someone, remember to keep your phone out of sight.Experience Before UploadingThe age-old religious ritual of saying grace before a meal has been replaced by a new ritual â€" taking photos of the meal.How many times have you seen millennials taking photos of their meal and posting them on Instagram before they start enjoyin g the meal?How many times have you seen people go to a soccer game or a music concert and spend the whole time viewing the action through the screens of their phones?Our preoccupation with smartphones and social media has made it much more difficult for us to enjoy experiences. Before having a meal, people want to show others on social media what they are having. If their social media followers don’t like the meal, you can bet that the meal won’t be enjoyable.People go out on vacations with their significant others, but instead of enjoying the moment, they are only concerned with getting the right photo for social media.How would it make you feel if you took someone for dinner, but they end up not enjoying it because someone on social media didn’t like what they ordered? Would you be interested in taking them out again?If you want to improve the quality of your relationships, you should be more focused on enjoying the moment and the experience and less focused on sharing the e xperience with others.Before sharing the meal with your followers, take the time to enjoy the meal and the company of whoever you are sharing the meal with. Before taking a photo and uploading it to show your followers the awesome scenery, take a moment to enjoy the scenery with whoever is right there with you.Avoid Searching For Everything On Your PhoneIn today’s world of search engines, Google maps and review websites, all the information we need is available with a few clicks.This has made people more dependent on their smartphones than on other people, which has in turn led to decreased social interactions and connections.According to this study, people with a smartphone were more likely to depend on the phone for directions rather than asking others for help.The fact that all the information you need is available through your phone does not mean that you have to rely on your phone every time. Instead of checking review websites to find the best restaurant for a romantic date, ask your friend or colleague to recommend a nice hotel.Instead of checking online to find the best attractions in a city you are planning to visit, ask the friend who visited the city last year for recommendations.By turning to people for help instead of always searching for everything on your phone, you will increase the frequency of your interactions with people and see an improvement in the quality of your relationships with them.Keep Your Phone Away From Your BedroomThe addiction to our phones means that we always have them near us, including when we go to bed. According to a poll by Gallup, 63% of Americans sleep with their phones tucked beneath their pillows or within an arm’s reach from bed.This might seem like a great convenience, since the phone acts as an alarm for some, and also allows you to check your social media for a last time before you sleep or catch up on your mail when you wake up in the morning.Unbeknownst to you, your phone might also be the culprit for the dying romance between you and your partner. If you spend most of your time in bed fiddling with your phone, you will naturally spend less time fiddling with your partner.According to a survey by Harris Interactive, 20% of young adults between the ages of 18 â€" 34 use their phones during sex. How do you even do that?Carrying your phone to bed is not a great idea. Even if you don’t end up using it while getting intimate with your partner, it reduces the chances of seeing any action. If this becomes a habit, it can negatively affect the quality of your relationship.Therefore, if you want to see an improvement in your relationship with your partner, you should consider making your bedroom a phone-free zone.This way, you will have more time to talk and bond with your partner.Have Phone Free DaysThis course of action might seem a bit extreme, and to many, it might be quite challenging. Whenever you receive a notification that someone has liked your status, retweeted you post or replied to your message, your brain releases the chemical dopamine, causing you to feel a sense of pleasure.This chemical reaction is what causes the addiction to your smartphone.When you keep glancing at your smartphone to check for notifications, your brain is essentially craving for a dose of dopamine. This is what makes keeping your phone away so difficult. While it might be challenging, having phone free days can help you break your addiction to your phone.Leave your phone at home for a day and spend the day interacting with people face to face or through your office telephone.Doing this will help you enhance the connection with your friends and colleagues (they will appreciate that you went to talk to them face to face) while at the same time helping you break your smartphone addiction.WRAPPING UPIf you are addicted to your smartphone, it might be negatively affecting your relationships, even though you might not have noticed it.Spending excessive time on your smartphone causes you t o give less attention to people around you, denies you the opportunity to connect with others on a deeper level, leads to feelings of jealousy and neglect in romantic relationships and affects your moods, which in turn affects how you relate to those around you.The key to improving your relationships, therefore, is to ditch your phone.You can do this by adhering to the smartphone rules shared above, such as not using your phone in social situations, replying to texts and emails later, keeping your phone out of sight during important conversations, taking the time to enjoy the moment before sharing with your social media followers, asking others for help instead of searching for everything on your phone, keeping your phone away from your bedroom, or even opting to have some phone-free days.

How to Write a Paper on Global Warming

How to Write a Paper on Global Warming Writing a paper on global warming can be rather tricky task, as a lot of specific information is needed and certain peculiarities exist. We propose to your consideration an exemplary paper on this topic so as you can analyze it and write your own one on its basis. Nature and climate are in the constant evolution and change. In the majority of cases this transformation process is significantly slower, than the life expectancy of the generation. Therefore, we cannot evidence and observe how nature around us is evolving, unless we specifically address related literature and tools that help us to do so. It used to be this way till very recent past, but, more and more during the last decade we hear about the phenomena of global warming and its effects on our life. A lot of literature and TV programs introduce us in the latest changes in global climate and nature transformation, such as melting ice of the South and North Poles, average sea water level increase globally, etc. All these events are the causes for extinction of the various species and significant change in the geographical layout of particular areas. Temperature records are becoming common in different places of the world: Brazil is suffering from extreme winter, Russia is diving in high summer temperature and droughts, while Europe is drawing in everlasting rains. All these changes happened during five to ten years. For the first time in our planet’s history the humanity can evidence rapid changes that can be seen and experienced by one generation in full. What are the consequences of the global warming and what should we expect in the nearest future? We are not in control of the nature, but we undoubtedly one of the strongest elements of nature cycle, as each and every human activity has it reflection in the nature. It is high time time to re-evaluate and re-analyse the role of the humans in today’s environment and start turning our destructive activities into constructive cooperation.

Ethics And Morals Of Pi - 1181 Words

Mace 1 Megan Mace G. Cameron ENG 4U December 19, 2016 Ethics and Morals in Life of Pi Everybody; no matter your religion, skin colour, or gender possess a combination of morals based on the things internally believed are right or wrong. These can be established through many influences including, social constructs, personal experiences, and upbringing. Yann Martel is constantly challenging the reader’s morals throughout Life of Pi, after Pi is on the lifeboat, he has to make the extremely hard decision between his own religious morals, and survival. In all of Pi’s dilemmas, survival always outweighs the â€Å"needs† of mankind s culture, making these constructs no longer a priority. Utilitarianism, consequential versus categorical moral†¦show more content†¦You want a flat story. An immobile story. You want dry, yeastless factuality.† (Martel 336) Pi sees that the needs of a majority take precedence over the things that he went through --which could be reasonably contended-- so Pi tells them the story everyone would believe in the m eans to benefit society. Over many of years, the concept of utilitarianism has changed, people would once describe it as pain and pleasure. Now society begins to further the approach, thinking about the intensity and duration of pain and pleasure. To this day there are seven principles that should be considered while thinking about what true pain and pleasure are. Some including, intensity, duration, and propinquity or remoteness. Intensity, being one of the most important of all, can determine whether or not it is pain or pleasure, revealing a high degree of emotional excitement. The length of time something continues or exists, is known a duration. Propinquity or remoteness is the thinking of how close something is either in a time or location sense, as in when or where it is about to happen. These are all great morals to have, when it’s thought of in a utilitarian sense, it should be applied to a majority for it’s still the idea of equality. Mace 3 The basis of utilitarianism is consequentialist moral reasoning, which locates morality from the consequences of the act. Once again to base morality off the idea of making aShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Moral Behavior1615 Words   |  7 Pagesmarvellous phenomena rather than invent them. The discoveries may require neutrality in our thinking, but the proofs need prior knowledge, because each formula is built from an aggregate of different unique formulas. In the same way, in ethics, the study of moral behaviour, we are required to use emotions and reasoning as a way of making judgements. 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The Future Of Fuel Cell Technology Engineering Essay Free Essays

In our current universe of planetary heating, clime alteration, fuel insecurity, and high energy demand and ingestion from developing states, it is perfectly necessary we started looking into how to bring forth the power of the hereafter. Through research, development, and promotion of engineering, several beginnings of alternate, clean renewable energy have been identified. One of the alternate beginnings of energy for the hereafter is â€Å" The Fuel Cell Technology † . We will write a custom essay sample on The Future Of Fuel Cell Technology Engineering Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now This engineering ( fuel cell engineering ) has the possible to be the drift which will transform the manner in which industries of today will bring forth energy of tomorrow. Fuel Cell can merely be describe as a power bring forthing system made up of electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of H into electrical energy. The electrical energy is generated from the reaction between H ( which is the fuel ) an O ( which is the oxidizer ) . The history of fuel cells history can be dated back to 1939 when William Grove, a British scientist foremost discovered its rule. He demonstrated this by utilizing four big cells ( each incorporating H and O ) to bring forth electric power which was so used to divide the H2O ( in a smaller upper cell ) into H and O. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA ) subsequently demonstrated their possible applications in supplying power during infinite flights. Since so, industry has been looking at the commercial viability of fuel cells engineering to bring forth energy in assorted applications in such a manner that it can vie with other sources/types of energy coevals. Fuel Cells Types There are several types of fuel cells being developed. The chief difference between fuel cells types is their electrolyte. The chief fuel cells types are listed below: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells ( PEMFC ) : This is besides called the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell. It is the most favorable fuel cell engineering that offer alternate to the internal burning engine. The PEMFC uses a thin plastic membrane as its electrolyte. The reaction gases ( H and O ) are fed into the cell to respond with the anode and the cathode. The fuel H continuously flows to the anode. At the anode, H ions ( or protons ) and negatrons are produce from the H. Merely positively charged H ions pass through the membrane. The negatively charged negatrons flow to the electrical socket to bring forth electrical power. Oxygen continuously flow to the cathode. At the cathode the O combines with H ions and the negatrons to organize H2O which flows out of the cell. 2HA? a 4Ha + 4ea? » Equation for the reaction of the anode Oa‚‚ + 4Ha + 4ea? » a 2Ha‚‚O Equation for the reaction at the cathode 2Ha‚‚ + Oa‚‚ a 2Ha‚‚O Overall Equation Figure 1: How PEMFC works ( Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //altenergystation.com/fuel-cells.html ) The PEMFC has many advantages over all other types of fuel cell ; The PEMFC has a high power denseness and a low operating temperature ( of about 60-80 grades Celsius ) compared with other types of fuel cell. Its low operating temperature makes the fuel cell to warm up and get down bring forthing electricity within a short period of clip. Besides, the electrolyte is a solid stuff which makes it simpler to fabricate. The solid electrolyte of PEMFC makes it easier to orientate compared with other electrolytes. It is besides less caustic and has longer cell life and stack life. Other advantages of PEMFC are: It merely requires H and O as reactant. The by merchandise is H2O. It can be used as an option to internal burning engine. Although PEMFC has many benefits, it does hold some disadvantages excessively. The operating temperature is low ( about 80A °C ) ; which is non high plenty to execute utile cogeneration. It is an expensive signifier of electricity coevals. It cost about ?2500 – ?5000 per kilowatt. The control of wet in the cathode and anode watercourse is of import as the electrolyte is required to be saturated with H2O to run optimally. Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ( DMFC ) These types of fuel cells are comparable to the PEMFC except that methyl alcohol is used as fuel alternatively of H. It works by oxidising of the liquid methyl alcohol ( CHa‚?OH ) in the presence of H2O at the anode. The DMFC uses the same type of electrolyte as the PEMFC, but with thicker membranes. The chemical equation ( reaction ) of the DMFC is as follow ; At the anode: CHa‚?OH + Ha‚‚O a COa‚‚ +6Ha + 6ea? » At the cathode: 3/2Oa‚‚ + 6Ha + 6ea? » a 3Ha‚‚O Overall Equation: CHa‚?OH + 3/2Oa‚‚ a COa‚‚+ 2Ha‚‚O DMFC engineering is really applicable for portable power devices like laptops, 2-way wirelesss, cell phones, PDA etc. This is due to the high energy denseness of the methyl alcohol fuel. The current DMFCs can bring forth power denseness between 300-1000mWcmA? compared to PEMFC power denseness of 300-1000mWcmA? . DMFC can run between 50A °C and 120A °C with an efficiency of approximately 40 % . The DMFC offers a batch of benefits compared with PEMFC ; nevertheless its development is still in its early phases. Some of its advantages are ; It uses a liquid ( methyl alcohol ) fuel for power. Methanol can incorporate efficaciously with transmittal and distribution systems that are already in being. It does non necessitate a complicated fuel storage system, as suppose to hydrogen fuel storage for PEMFC. It is simpler in its design, and has the possible for low-volume, lightweight packaging. Methanol is easier to transport and provide in commercial measures utilizing current gasolene substructure. The chief disadvantage nevertheless, is that the low oxidation of methyl alcohol to hydrogen ions and COa‚‚ requires a more active accelerator. The fuel stack requires big measures of Pt compared with the PEMFC. Due to the big measures of Pt requires, the DMFC are more expensive. Other disadvantages are ; methanol is extremely caustic and toxic, DMFC have low efficiency compared to PEMFC due to the high pervasion of methyl alcohol through the membrane. Alkaline Fuel Cells ( AFC ) AFC were one of the first type of fuel cell engineerings developed and used in the United States infinite plan to bring forth electricity. AFC operates by utilizing a solution of K hydrated oxide ( KOH ) in H2O as the electrolyte. It can utilize a broad scope of assorted non-precious metals as a accelerator at the anode and the cathode. AFC operates at temperature between 100A °C and 250A °C, nevertheless, most recent design of AFC operate at lower temperature of approximately 23A °C to 70A °C. AFC have been proved to hold efficiency of stopping point to 60 % . Advantages of AFC are ; The costs of AFC are lowered compared to other signifiers of fuel cell engineerings because Alkaline engineering can work absolutely good without the usage of cherished metals. The AFC operates at a low temperature of about 70A °C. This lower its costs because the lower the operating temperature, the lower the cost of the stuffs needed to make a working and dependable system. AFC has the highest efficiency of all fuel cell type ( about 60 % ) . AFC nevertheless is susceptible to taint, hence requires pure H and O. Susceptibility of AFCs to taint besides affects the cell ‘s life-time, therefore extra cost. Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells ( PAFC ) The PAFC is one of the modern fuel cell and the first to be used commercially. PAFC can bring forth up to 200 kilowatt of power and is chiefly used to power stationary power coevals and besides to power big vehicles like coachs. The PAFC uses liquid phosphorous acid as an electrolyte. The phosphorous acid is contained in a Teflon-bonded Si carbide matrix and porous C electrodes incorporating a Pt accelerator. The chief feature of PAFC is the impregnation of the phosphorous acid aqueous solution as the electrolyte in the matrix. The efficiency of PAFC is approximately 40 % but can be increased to over 70 % with combined heat and power. One of the chief advantages of PAFC is that they are more receptive to drosss in fossil fuels that have been reformed into H than PEMFC, which are easy poisoned by C monoxide. PAFC are besides more efficient when used for the cogeneration of electricity and heat ( about 85 % ) . Other benefit of PAFC is its first-class dependability and long-run public presentation. The disadvantage nevertheless is that it takes longer to warm up because it operates at a higher temperature ( between 150A °C and 200A °C ) , therefore doing it unsuitable for usage in autos. It besides requires Pt as a accelerator like most other types of fuel cells, but provides low power and current. Another deficit of PAFC is its size and volume in relation to their end product compared with other types of fuel cell. Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells ( MCFC ) Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ( SOFC ) Hydrogen Electrolysis PEM Fuel Cell and Electrolyser Operating Principles Table Fuel Cell Development in Future: An Independent Opinion Experiment: How to Better Output and Efficiency ofaˆÂ ¦ Consequence: Calculation of Improved Efficiency/Performance Decision Glossary Appendixs How to cite The Future Of Fuel Cell Technology Engineering Essay, Essay examples

Romeo And Juliet Essays (946 words) - Characters In Romeo And Juliet

Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet, said to be one of the most famous love stories of all times, is a play anchored on time and fate. Some actions are believed to occur by chance or by destiny. The timing of each action influences the outcome of the play. While some events are of less significance, some are crucial to the development of this tragedy. The substantial events that inspire the conclusion of Romeo and Juliet are; the Capulet ball, the quarrel experienced by Tybalt and Romeo, and Friar Johns plague. A servant to Capulet, who is incapable of reading the list of guests, asks for Romeos assistance. Romeo notices that Rosaline, his lover, is among these names. Benvolio challenges Romeo to compare her with other beauties. Benvolio predicts, Compare her face with some that I shall show,/ And I will make thee think thy swan a crow. (I, ii, l 86-87) To show his appreciation, the servant asks for Romeos presence at the ball. Romeo should have considered the servants warning; if Romeo occupies the name of Montague, he shall not be permitted. Once at the ball, Romeo is searching for a maiden to substitute the unrequited love of Rosaline. Romeo happens to gaze upon Juliet, who charms Romeo. Romeo proclaims, Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight!/ For neer saw true beauty till this night. (I, v, l 52-53) Since Romeo declares his love for Juliet, she feels the attraction also. They believe that they are in love and must marry. However, it is a genuine coincidence that Romeo and Juliet were at the same place, at the same time. Some days after the ball, Benvolio and Mercutio are conversing, in regard to the quarrelsome weather. Benvolio declares, The day is hot, the Capulets abroad,/ And if we meet we shall not scape a brawl,/ For now these got days is the mad blood stirring. (III, i, l 2-4) At this point, Tybalt, who has challenged Romeo because of his appearance at the masquerade, enters, seeking Romeo. On Romeos behalf, Mercutio struggles with Tybalt, while Romeo, who is filled with love for his new cousin, tries to end their boldness. Before escaping, Tybalt plunges his sword into Mercutio, causing death to fall upon him. Mercutio blames Romeo and the feud for his fate. Romeo kills Tybalt, who taunts Romeo, upon his return. Romeo fears he will be condemned to death if he does not flee before the arrival of the Prince. Benvolio recalls the events that have happened, with some embellishment. The Prince declares: And for that offence/ Immediately we do exile him hence./ I hav an in your hates proceeding,/ My blood for your rude brawls doth lie a-bleeding;/ But Ill amerce you with so strong a fine/ That you shall repent the loss of mine./ I will be deaf to pleading and excuses;/ Nor tears nor prayers shall purchase out abuses;/ Therefore use none. Let Romeo hence in haste,/ Else, when hes found, that hour is his last./ Bear hence this body and attend our will./ Mercy but murders, pardoning those that kill. (III, i, l 185-195) Due to the disturbance of Veronas street and the losses of Tybalt and Mercutio, the Prince must penalize Romeo. However, the Prince agrees that Romeo was acting in self defense. Juliet, who desires not to wed Paris, asks for Friar Laurences assistance. The day before the wedding, Juliet is to drink the poison, which will make her appear to be dead. In forty two hours she shall awake, with Romeo by her side. Romeo will then bring her to Mantua with him. In the meantime Friar Laurence will convey a message to Romeo in Mantua, telling him the plot. When she gains consciousness, Romeo and Friar Laurence will be there. Friar Laurence says, Shall Romeo by my letters know our drift,/ And hither shall he come; and he and I/ Will watch thy waking (IV, i, l 114-116) Following Juliets intake of the poison, Romeo is anticipating news from Verona. Balthasar, a servant to Romeo, tells Romeo that Juliet has passed on. Romeo, who is told there are no letters from the friar, seeks a way to accomplish his

Anton Chekhov - Biography and Profile

Anton Chekhov - Biography and Profile Born in 1860, Anton Chekhov grew up in the Russian town of Taganrog. He spent much of his childhood quietly sitting in his fathers fledgling grocery store. He watched the customers and listened to the their gossip, their hopes, and their complaints. Early on, he learned to observe the everyday lives of humans. His ability to listen would become one of his most valuable skills as a storyteller. Chekhovs YouthHis father, Paul Chekhov, grew up in an impoverished family. Antons grandfather was actually a serf in Czarist Russia, but through hard work and thriftiness, he purchased his familys freedom. Young Antons father became a self-employed grocer, but the business never prospered and eventually fell apart. Monetary woes dominated Chekhovs childhood. As a result, financial conflicts are prominent in his plays and fiction. Despite economic hardship, Chekhov was a talented student. In 1879, he left Taganrog to attend medical school in Moscow. At this time, he felt the pressure of being the head of the household. His father was no longer earning a living. Chekhov needed a way to make money without abandoning school. Writing stories provided a solution. He began writing humorous stories for local newspapers and journals. At first the stories paid very little. However, Chekhov was a quick and prolific humorist. By the time he was in his forth year of medical school, he had caught the attention of several editors. By 1883, his stories were earning him not only money but notoriety. Chekhovs Literary PurposeAs a writer, Chekhov did not subscribe to a particular religion or political affiliation. He wanted to satirize not preach. At the time, artists and scholars debated the purpose of literature. Some felt that literature should offer life instructions. Others felt that art should simply exist to please. For the most part, Chekhov agreed with the latter view. The artist must be, not the judge of his characters and of what they say, but merely a dispassionate observer. Anton Chekhov Chekhov the PlaywrightBecause of his fondness for dialogue, Chekhov felt drawn to the theatre. His early plays such as Ivanov and The Wood Demon artistically dissatisfied him. In 1895 he began working on a rather original theatrical project: The Seagull. It was a play that defied many of the traditional elements of common stage productions. It lacked plot and it focused on many interesting yet emotionally static characters. In 1896 The Seagull received a disastrous response on opening night. The audience actually booed during the first act. Fortunately, innovative directors Konstantin Stanislavski and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danechenko believed in Chekhovs work. Their new approach to drama invigorated audiences. The Moscow Art Theatre restaged The Seagull and created a triumphant crowd-pleaser. Soon after, the Moscow Art Theatre, led by Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danechenko, produced the rest of Chekhovs masterpieces: Uncle Vanya (1899) The Three Sisters (1900) The Cherry Orchard (1904) Chekhovs Love LifeThe Russian storyteller played with themes of romance and marriage, but throughout most of his life he did not take love seriously. He had occasional affairs, but he did not fall in love until he met Olga Knipper, an up-and-coming Russian actress. They were very discreetly married in 1901. Olga not only starred in Chekhovs plays, she also deeply understood them. More than anyone in Chekhovs circle, she interpreted the subtle meanings within the plays. For example, Stanislavski thought The Cherry Orchard was a tragedy of Russian life. Olga instead knew that Chekhov intended it to be a gay comedy, one that almost touched upon farce. Olga and Chekhov were kindred spirits, though they did not spend much time together. Their letters indicate that they were very affectionate to one another. Sadly, their marriage would not last very long, due to Chekhovs failing health. Chekhovs Final DaysAt the age of 24, Chekhov began showing signs of tuberculosis. He tried to ignore this condition; however by his early 30s his health had deterorated beyond denial. When The Cherry Orchard opened in 1904, tuberculosis had ravaged his lungs. His body was visibly weakened. Most of his friends and family knew the end was near. Opening night of The Cherry Orchard became a tribute filled with speeches and heartfelt thanks. It was their was of saying goodbye to Russias greatest playwright. On July 14th, 1904, Chekhov stayed up late working on yet another short story. After going to bed, he suddenly awoke and summoned a doctor. The physician could do nothing for him but offer a glass of champagne. Reportedly, his final words were, Its a long time since I drank champagne. Then, after drinking the beverage, he died Chekhovs LegacyDuring and after his lifetime, Anton Chekhov was adored throughout Russia. Aside from his beloved stories and plays, he is also remembered as a humanitarian and a philanthropist. While living in the country, he often attended to the medical needs of the local peasants. Also, he was renowned for sponsoring local writers and medical students. His literary work has been embraced throughout the world. While many playwrights create intense, life-or-death scenarios, Chekhovs plays offer everyday conversations. Readers cherish his extraordinary insight into the lives of the ordinary. ReferencesMalcolm, Janet, Reading Chekhov, a Critical Journey, Granta Publications, 2004 edition.Miles, Patrick (ed), Chekhov on the British Stage, Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Hurricane Etymology

Hurricane Etymology Unlike most words that Spanish and English share because of their shared history with Latin, hurricane came to English directly from Spanish, where it is currently spelled huracn. But Spanish explorers and conquerers first picked up the word from Taino, an Arawak language from the Caribbean. According to most authorities, the Taino word huracan meant simply storm, although some less reliable sources indicate that it also referred to a storm god or an evil spirit. This word was a natural one for the Spanish explorers and conquerors to pick up from the indigenous population, since winds as strong as the hurricanes of the Caribbean were an unusual weather phenomenon for them. Use of ‘Hurricane’ and Huracn The fact that the Spaniards introduced the word to the English language is the reason that our word hurricane generally refers to tropical cyclones that have their origin in the Caribbean or Atlantic. When the same type of storm has its origin in the Pacific, it is known as a typhoon (originally a Greek word), or  tifà ³n  in Spanish. There is a slight difference in the way the storms are categorized in the languages, however. In Spanish, a  tifà ³n  generally is considered to be a  huracn  that forms in the Pacific, while in English hurricane and typhoon are considered to be separate types of storms, even though the only difference is where they form. In both languages, the word can be used to refer figuratively to anything that is powerful and causes turmoil. In Spanish,  huracn  can also be used to refer to a particularly impetuous person. At the time the Spanish language adopted this word, the h was pronounced (it is silent now) and was sometimes used interchangeably with f. So the same word in Portuguese became furaco, and in the late 1500s the English word was sometimes spelled forcane. Numerous other spellings were used until the word was firmly established at the end of the 16th century; Shakespeare used the spelling of hurricano to refer to a waterspout. The word huracn is not capitalized  when referring to named storms. It is used as in this sentence: El huracn Ana trajo lluvias intensas. (Hurricane Ana brought heavy rains.) Other Spanish Weather Terms in English Hurricane isnt the only Spanish weather term that has found its way into English. The most common of them, tornado, is especially interesting because of the way the two languages played off each other. The Strange Story of ‘Tornado’ and Tornado Although English got its word tornado from Spanish, Spanish surprisingly got its word tornado from English. Thats because the Spanish word that English borrowed wasnt tornado but tronada, a word for a thunderstorm. As is common in etymology, words often change form when imported into another language. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the change of -ro- to -or- was influenced by the spelling of tornar, a Spanish verb meaning to turn. Although tornado in English originally referred to various types of whirlwinds or rotary storms, including hurricanes, in the United States the word eventually came to refer primarily to a type of funneled windstorm common in the U.S. Midwest. In modern Spanish, tornado, borrowed from English, can still refer to various kinds of storms and whirlwinds, including hurricanes. A windstorm on the scale of a tornado, or smaller such as a whirlwind, can also be called a torbellino. Derecho Another type of storm phenomenon is known as a derecho, a direct borrowing of the Spanish derecho, which can, confusingly to foreigners, mean either right (as an adjective) or straight. In this context, it is the second meaning that matters. A derecho refers to a cluster of thunderstorms that travels in a straight line and is capable of causing great destruction. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, Gustavus Hinrichs of the Iowa Weather Service started using the term in the late 1800s to avoid confusing a certain type of storm system with tornadoes. Key Takeaways The English word hurricane started out as an indigenous Caribbean terms that was adopted into Spanish and then spread to English via Spanish explorers and conquerors.Because the word hurricane came from the Caribbean, a different term is used for the same type of storm when occurring in the Pacific Ocean.The weather terms tornado and derecho also come from Spanish.

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods Essay

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods - Essay Example Broadly, research methods are divided into two categories namely quantitative research method and qualitative research method. Both are different in nature and have different applicability. Both the methods find their applications in different disciplines and have strengths and shortcomings in various domains. There are certain pre requisites that apply to each of them and each of them underlines a specific method of implementation. Qualitative research method: This method of research is subjective in nature which mostly contains case studies, interviews, unlike quantitative methods the outcomes are in textual form and not in digits and statistical values. Questions like why, where when who are touched upon by this type of research method. Qualitative approach is scientific in nature and may not have a fixed deterministic solution by end of research conducted. Such research can be helpful in studying the behaviors, approach, their fears and concerns including natural response, dealin g with opinions and possibly culture oriented issues. While quantitative research provides fixed results, their counterpart lay foundation for the study and research beyond the point where the scope of quantitative research ends. Such research approaches are inductive in nature and the mode of language used is informal .Furthermore, qualitative research is most suited to the initial stages (Merriam, 2009). The tools and techniques that might be used during qualitative approach can possibly include memos, interviews, artifacts, picture or any piece of video (Pitney & Parker,pg53, 2009) . Stressing on the importance of qualitative approach Donald Campbell stated that â€Å"All research ultimately has a qualitative grounding† (Farrell, pg8, 2011). Characteristic feature of such an approach is its ability to address the intangible aspects of society and human nature. Lincoln defines qualitative research as interpretive and naturalistic in nature (Flick,pg2, 2007). Three broad typ es of qualitative research encompass Case studies: while adopting case studies for purpose of research, focus is concentrated on an individual phenomena and concept that are constrained by duration and activities. Various data collection procedures are adopted during the case study approach. Phenomenological studies: In such approach attempt is being made to get the response of people based on their personal experience about a particular instance and event, intensive research is being carried out number of times through the aide of detailed elaborations Ethnographic studies: As the name implies, the focus of research in this category is a particular group of individuals that are involved in a similar kind of task. This kind of research is conducted over period of time with focus on one type of cultural group that have something in common between them. The commonality could be the interest, an experience, cultural trend or any other event undergone by the people being examined (Marie , pg 172, 2008). Role Play Simulation: In such kind of research role assignment might be done or the individuals conducting research might be required to observe a particular role to deduce any conclusion from it Comprehensive Interviews: The aim behind such type of research is to get into the details of the matter and probe all possible options .The method of interrogation and opinion determination is slightly different from quantitative research. Other forms of qualitative research include grounded theory. Quantitative researc

Arabic writing system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arabic writing system - Essay Example 800 B.C.), whence came the letters of the ancient Roman alphabet, and ultimately all Western alphabets. The North Arabic script, which eventually prevailed and became the Arabic script of the Quran, relates most substantially and directly to the Nabatian script, which was derived from the Aramaic script. Old Aramaic, the language of Jesus and the Apostles, dates from the 2nd millennium B.C., and some dialects of which are still spoken by tiny groups in the Middle East. Arabic script still shares with Aramaic the names of the alphabet letters (Alef, Jeem, Dal, Zai, Sheen, etc.); similar graphic representation for phonetically similar letters (Sad and Dad, Ta and Tha, etc.); connections of letters in the same word and several forms of each letter depending on its location in the word, except for letters that cannot be connected to the letters which come after them (Alef, Dal/Dthal, Raa/Zai, Waw). The Arabic alphabet contains 18 letter shapes, by adding one, two, or three dots to letters with similar phonetic characteristics a total of 28 letters is obtained. These contain three long vow els, while diacritics can be added to indicate short vowels. With the spread of Islam, the Arabic alphabet was adapted by several non-Arab nations for writing their own languages. In Iran Arabic letters were used to write Farsi, with the addition of four letters to represent the phonetics that did not exist in Arabic: p, ch, zh, and g. The Ottoman Turks used the Arabic alphabet until 1929 and added still another letter. This alphabet was also used to write other Turkish languages and dialects, such as Kazakh, Uzbek, etc. Several other languages used the Arabic alphabet at one time or another, including Urdu, Malay, Swahili, Hausa, Algerian Tribal, and others. Arabic script is not used solely for writing Arabic, but for a variety of languages. In each language, it has been modified to fit the language's sound system. There are sounds not found in Arabic, but found in, for instance, Persian, Malay and Urdu: such sounds don't correspond to any sound from the Arabic system of sounds for which the Arabic alphabet can be used. For example, the Arabic language lacks a [p] sounding letter, so many languages add their own letter for [p] in the script, though the symbol used may differ between languages. These modifications tend to fall into groups: all the Indian and Turkic languages written in Arabic tend to use the Persian modified letters (and those are the languages that are "geographically closer" to Persia), whereas West African languages tend to imitate those of Ajami, and Indonesian ones those of Jawi. A writing system in which the Persian modified letters are used is called Perso-Arabic script by the scholars. Generally, in countries wher e national education is effective and where the national language is written in Arabic script, Arabic script is also used to write the other languages used in that country (Coulmas 20). The Arabic alphabet is written from right to left and is composed of 28 basic letters. Adaptations of the script for other languages such as Persian and Urdu have additional letters. There is no difference between written and printed letters; the writing is unicase (i.e. the concept of upper and lower case letters does not exist). On the other hand, most of the letters are attached to one another, even when printed, and their appearance changes as a function of whether they connect to preceding or following letters. Some

Effect of Brexit on the Financial Sector

Effect of Brexit on the Financial Sector Brexit: A bleak future for the financial sector? Abstract The word â€Å"Brexit† evolves from Britain and exit which is an unforeseeable situation that the UK is now facing. Brexit could cause damages to the UK economy in the long term, especially those in financial sector. The solutions to lessen the impacts of Brexit have been illustrated in this essay. This essay also aims to discuss the impacts of Brexit on asset management services and the banking industry. It will then evaluate these impacts on different aspects: international students, UK housing market, stock market and Britons who live in EU countries. Introduction On 23 June 2016, the United Kingdom held a referendum whether to leave the European Union (EU) or not. Most Britons believed beforehand that the UK would not leave the EU. Surprisingly, the result was 52% of the voters decided to leave the EU (CFA INSTITUTE, 2017). As a result, David Cameron who, at that time, was the prime minister of the UK had to resign. Subsequently, the position in charge was taken by Theresa May. Following this step, on 29 March 2017, the UK government has formally announced its invoking of Article 50 which is the initial step to formally exit from the EU. Thus, the word â€Å"Brexit† evolves from Britain and Exit. The process must be finalized within two years. This means, in March 2019, the negotiation has to be done. However, from a very recent Guardian article, this process could be postponed because there are new variety of regulations which need to be implemented and many institutions that require new staffs to operate (Miller, 2017). It appears highly likely that once Brexit occurs, Britain will lose its right to tariff-free access to the EU market. In other words, UK-based firms, especially those in the financial sector, may be unable to conduct their operations throughout the EU. As a result, overseas financial institutions whose European headquarters are located in the UK must reconsider their decision on whether to continue operating their management from the UK or not. This could cause long-term negative consequences to the UK economy. Therefore, this essay will discuss the impacts of Brexit on financial services, particularly asset management and the banking, moving on this essay will also evaluate these impacts on Britain’s post-Brexit future. Financial Services Financial services are the economic activities that are involved in the flow of money in the financial system. The services include asset management which is the service that aims to allocate money to maximize the profit. Additionally, the banking is an institution which mainly provides such services as accepting deposits and issuing loans to clients. Those activities have become one of the crucial parts of the UK economy and it provides an opportunity for the UK to influence world banking industry. According to the House of Lords EU Committee, 7-12 percent of GDP of the UK, 7-12 percent of employment ratio and 11 percent of tax receipts are ruled by the financial services. Furthermore, the largest trade surplus of the UK in 2014 was the financial services which accounted for  £58 billion of which  £19 billion is the trade with the EU country Austen, Hunt, Kelly, Naylor, & Sants, 2016). However, this positive circumstance could possibly be worsened by the referendum which was held on 23 of July 2016. This is also a major concern for the financial services. As a consequence of Brexit, it is forecasted that the UK could lose 31000-35000 job positions in financial services. In addition, the worst scenario, this number could increase to 40000 (Arnold, 2016). This number accounted for 3-4 percent of job position involving with the financial services in the UK (Austen et al., 2016). Asset management services Asset management is referred to an activity of generating returns for investors from the capital which is subsidized by investors. According to the Investment Association and the Financial Conduct Authority, the UK asset under management (AUM) is  £6.9 trillion, approximately, of which  £2.2 trillion is the overseas client. In addition, 55 percent of the overseas client, or  £1.2 trillion, is the European clients (CFA INSTITUTE, 2017). This can be said that the asset management industry has played a crucial part in the UK economy. Moreover, losing the right to access the EU market could possibly cause long-term problems to the UK economy. After Brexit, the UK-based investment firm could witness severe problems supporting the EU clients, as claimed by Christian Nolterieke, managing director at MyPrivateBanking Research (Greenhalgh, Mooney, & Williams, 2017). In order to serve clients and recruit talented people in the EU, they must acquire the tariff-free license to access the EU market which the UK’s license will no longer be valid if they pursue Brexit. Moreover, the advertisement and marketing are also prohibited from the non-european economic area (EEA), as stated by Nolterieke. There might be some solutions to cope with this issue. One of them is to establish an office in Europe. However, to do so, the business must be in a large scale. This is because establishing office in Europe requires high amount of capital, well-corporate structure, office, and people, as stated by Julie Patterson who is the consultant of asset management global Brexit at KPMG (Greenhalgh, Mooney, & Williams, 2017). Furthermore, to establish an office in Europe, the regulation of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive, known as MiFID, requires 20 or more employers onshore. As a result, finding a partner of business in Europe could possibly be the most moderate method to lessen the effect of Brexit, as determined by Nathan Bostock who is now the executive directors of Santander UK (Gerrard, 2017). This is because the UK-based firm is still benefit from being a partner with Europe-based firm, even though the benefit is not fully equivalent to the past. It is a method called profit-sharing in which it could stimulate the UK and Europe economy in the long-term. Surprisingly, in 2017, the research conducted by the CFA instituted, the institution which is the community of fund managers, have shown that two-thirds of the fund managers have not changed their investment horizon after Brexit. Theoretically, this might be because the fund managers tend to invest in the equity market which the price of the equity could increase when the pound is depreciated. The Banks In this essay, the types of bank will be categorized into three types: commercial bank, retail bank and investment bank. Firstly, commercial bank is a financial institution which mainly provides such services as deposit and withdraw of money and offers loans to big business. Secondly, unlike commercial bank, retail bank or consumer bank provides the same services to customers in a non-business sector. Lastly, investment bank is not the bank who provides such services as accepting money or issuing loans services. On the other hand, it is the bank who provides advises on stock market launch, mergers and acquisition or even taking over other company. The impact of Brexit on these types of banks could cause the similar problems as in asset management services. This is mainly because the EU requires the approval of Markets in Financial Instruments Directives (MiFiD) to allow banks to operate in the EU. In order to maintain MiFiD status, the UK must be part of the European Economic Area (EEA). This circumstance is not likely to occur if the UK favours a ‘hard Brexit’. This is because ‘hard Brexit’ means the UK has to relinquish its MiFid license as it will no longer be valid. As a result, this occurrence causes the world’s leading financial institutions to leave the UK. Paris has been one of the biggest rivals for the European financial centre since the UK referendum. However, due to the high corporate tax rate, 33.3 percent, this effects Paris’s attractiveness to be lessen (Stothard, 2017). In this sense, the opportunity is now belonging to Dublin because 12.5 percent tax rate in Ireland could attract the firms from all over the world. Moreover, those firms who wish to move to Ireland do not need to establish new banking license. This is exemplified by the announcement from the Bank of America, the second largest bank in America by total asset, that the bank has chosen Dublin as the headquarter office for its EU operation after Brexit (Noonan, 2017). Brian Moynihan, chief executive officer of the Bank of America, also told the Financial Times that â€Å"We’ve been working with the Central Bank of Ireland to get it all set up and it’s been a very smooth process so far. The government is trying to help us get through the regulatory process.† (Noonan, 2017). As a consequence of the support from the government and an existing banking license of Dublin, it could support the Bank of America to accomplish its process ahead of Brexit easily. Frankfurt has also competed for the position of post-Brexit financial centre. From the announcement of Deutsche Bank, the largest bank in German, they will transfer most of their assets and operation to Frankfurt in this autumn (Arnold, Martin, & Noonan, 2017). This could be one of the largest transfer of single EU bank, as stated by the chief executive officer, John Cryan. Another decision made by Citigroup’s Europe, Middle East and Afica (EMEA) chief executive office, Jim Cowles, that the bank decided to move theirs main trading operation to Frankfurt (Arnold et al., 2017). This is because Frankfurt is well known for its infrastructure and skilled workers which the bank has already had on ground, as claimed by Mr.Cowles. These actions from two of the largest bank in the world could threaten Britain’s economic in the long term, indeed. Undoubtedly, international banks such as Nomura Holdings, the fifth largest bank by asset and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation which is the third largest bank in Japan by asset have already published their plan on moving their main operation to Frankfurt after Brexit (Arnold, 2017). Turning to another side of the issue, there are several private banks who are now enlarging their services in the UK. According to the Financial Times, the senior executives at the following banks; Credit Suisse, UBS, Socià ©tà © Gà ©nà ©rale and Pictet announced that the companies will expand their operation and investment in the UK (Arnold, 2017). This is because the UK is still attractive in terms of market potential. In other words, the wealthy clients still find an opportunity in the UK. This idea was also supported by Jakob Stott who is the EU head of UBSs wealth management businesses (Franklin & Gruber, 2016). Britain’s post-Brexit future International Student The UK has been known for its quality of education but this might be extravagant for international student to study in the UK. However, due to the UK referendum, the pound sterling witnessed a huge drop after the vote had been officially announced (Broadbent, 2017). This drop benefits international students directly because the pound depreciated in its value, comparing to other currency. In other words, international students in the UK spend less budget on their course and accommodation. To illustrate, one of Thai students claimed that the cost of their study which includes tuition fee, accommodation and living expense is now 15 percent lower, approximately. This means there would be a soar in a number of international applicants who desire to pursue the quality of the UK education. UK Property Property in the UK has always been a target for overseas investors, mainly London property. Due to the devaluation of pound sterling, overseas investors found that the UK property is reasonably priced. The study conducted by the property investment firm, JLL, showed that 28% of the housing market transaction in 2016 was done by Asian investors (Vaswani, 2017). This could directly affect the Britons because those Asian investors could inflate the housing market by their unlimited demand. This means house prices could be overvalued for British citizen who are in need of the house. Stock Market The referendum also benefits the UK stock market. This is because those multinational companies who are listed in the London Stock Exchange (LSE) receive their revenue in other currencies, mostly in dollars, which means the depreciation of pound could boost the company’s profit (Inman, 2016). As a result, the stock price of the company rocketed after Brexit which means it creates the value for British company in the long term. British Citizens who live in EU country Technically, if Brexit did occur, the British citizens who live in the UK could become the illegal evacuees overnight. This statement was also supported by Dominic Grieve who is the UK former attorney general. Moreover, there is a possibility that British expats could lose their right in the EU Health care system (Bennett, 2017). Thus, the negotiation might involve such issues as the right to work, permitted license to possess the EU property or even the entitlement to access the EU health care system. Conclusion In conclusion, the UK referendum could be the beginning of a period of unpredictability, especially for those in financial sector. The asset management industry and the banks whose operations are based in the UK could experience even worse predicament. As a result, some international banks are now seriously considering the proposals of moving their operation to the EU country, namely Frankfurt and Dublin. However, for those in asset management, the strategies have not been changed. Fund managers still optimistic on the UK equity market which directly benefits from weaker pound. Moreover, for those in private bank sector, there is a determination to expand their operations after Brexit. The weaker pound sterling also boosts the number of international students and global investors in the UK, mostly those in housing and stock market. For Britons who live in the EU, there is a concern about losing their status as the EU citizens. References Arnold, M. (2017, July 30). MUFG eyes Amsterdam as post-Brexit EU base. Financial   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Times. Retrieved August 12, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/158dcffe-7535-11e7-90c0-90a9d1bc9691 Arnold, M. (2017, August 1). Brexit set to raise UK banks’ costs 4% and capital needs 30%. Financial Times. Retrieved August 5, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/9fdf35a4-7610-11e7-a3e8-60495fe6ca71 Arnold, M., Martin, K., & Noonan, L. (2017, July 20). Citigroup and Deutsche Bank give Frankfurt a Brexit boost. Financial Times. Retrieved August 2, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/1b38eb1a-6d55-11e7-b9c7-15af748b60d0 Austen, M., Hunt, P., Kelly, D., Naylor, L., & Sants, H. (2016). The impact of the UK’s exit from the EU on the UK-based financial services sector. Oliver Wyman. Retrieved August 2, 2017 from http://www.oliverwyman.com/content/dam/oliver-wyman/global/en/2016/oct/  Ã‚   Brexit_POV.PDF Bennett, A. (2017, March 30). What will Brexit mean for British expats?. The telegraph. Retrieved August 19, 2017 from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/0/eu-facts-what-would-leaving-the-eu-mean-for-expats/ Broadbent, B. (2017). Brexit and the pound. Bank of England. Retrieved from http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/Documents/speeches/2017/speech969.pdf CFA institute (2017). What It Means for Investment Management Brexit: A guide for investment professionals. Retrieved from https://www.cfainstitute.org/ethics/Documents/guide_to_brexit.pdf Franklin, J., & Gruber, A. (2016, March 2). UBS considers acquisitions to expand wealth management in Europe. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved August 15, 2017 from http://www.reuters.com/article/us-ubs-wealth-europe-idUKKCN0W41EB Gerrard, B. (2017, July 13). Spanish business leaders suggest UK could be global trade hub post-Brexit. The Telegraph. Retrieved August 12, 2017 from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/ business/2017/07/13/spanish-business-leaders-suggest-uk-could-global-trade-hub-post/ Greenhalgh, H., Mooney, A., & Williams, A. (2017, August 2). Brexit is going to be a mess for UK wealth management. Financial Times. Retrieved August 9, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/f2451362-147d-11e7-80f4-13e067d5072c House of Lords EU Committee (2016). Brexit: Financial Services (9th Report of Session 2016–17). Retrieved July 10, 2017 from https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201617/lds elect/ldeucom/81/81.pdf Inman, P. (2016, October 4). Q&A: falling pound, rising markets. Why is Britain’s currency suffering while shares in its biggest companies are soaring ?. The Guardian. Retrieved August 12, 2017 from https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/oct/04/qa-falling-pound-rising-markets Kelly, J., (2017, July 12). Investment in UK fintech tops pre-Brexit levels in first half of 2017. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved August 1, 2017 from http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-britain-fintech-investment-idUKKBN1AA2VN Miller, G. (2017, August 12). Britain must ask for more time to negotiate Brexit. The Guardian. Retrieved August 16, 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/ commentisfree/2017 /aug/12/britain-more-time-negotiate-brexit Noonan, L. (2017, July 21). Bank of America choose Dublin as EU base after Brexit. Financial Times. Retrieved August 1, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/1fff392a-6e17-11e7-bfeb-33fe0c5b7eaa Stothard, M. (2017, July 7). Paris rolls out ‘red-white-and-blue carpet’ for banks. Financial Times. Retrieved August 12, 2017 from https://www.ft.com/content/464c67d8-630e-11e7-91a7-502f7ee26895 Vaswani, K. (2017, April 28). Brexit not deterring Asian investors from UK property market. BBC. Retrieved August 17, 2017 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-39732816

Research Project on Financial Crisis

Research Process on Financial Crisis Louis Cappelli 2/18/2012 From the research I have performed so far, I have been able to isolate the main issues that caused the financial crisis in the 2000’s. It seems to be that this whole crisis revolves around the major banks in America. I have been through a good amount of articles based upon the financial crisis so far, with each of them stating at least once something about the crisis relating to the banks.As I was finding this material, I noticed some other similarities in these resources involving the Crisis. For instance I noticed major names like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, who both seem to have a major involvement in loans in mortgages in America. From these sources I found the articles specifying what were the main causes of the financial crisis to be most helpful. Since I am not familiar with this subject and economic crisis at all, the articles that were more simplified for the general public were the ones I could better unde rstand.From one article on About. com, I was given some of the major causes that of the recession involving the banks and what they did wrong. For instance I learned that in the beginning the banks didn’t worry about their credit and were giving out loans to people who weren’t qualified for them. Another thing that I took note upon over my research was the constant mentioning of a subprime mortgage. Apparently one of the first initiators of the financial crisis was the â€Å"subprime mortgage crisis†.These mortgages were granted to those with poor credit, but unfortunately the rate of these mortgages skyrocketed, leaving many lenders with financial difficulties resulting in bankruptcy. From the research performed and sources I thought were most reliable and factual, I fell as if the crisis we are dealing with is mainly in fault of the banks and loan mortgage cooperation’s in this country. I seems as if they messed up big time, and in result we all have to pay for their actions.

Essay about The United States and The Soviets The Cold War

Towards end of the Second World War II was not just the end of long hard fought battle, but also the start of an oversensitive and vibrant stage that moved culture on all levels. The post war phase, as it became known, formed the world we live in; the era was created itself both by the war that had lead it, and dominant forces that encased it. As the energy of primarily different ideas Socialism and Equality collapsed with improvements in science as for instinct nuclear bomb, a hazardous situation resulted that produced an atmosphere of fear throughout the world and particularly, inside American walls. The Cold War played out one by one between the United States and the Soviets, it was instantaneously playing out in the ordinary†¦show more content†¦The American policy of â€Å"containment,† and the general fear of Communist spreading in unbalanced areas of the world. After the Soviet’s achieved the nuclear bomb, fears concerning the progress of Communism became inseparably entwined with the threat presented by the bomb itself. The more legislators talked about â€Å"traitors within our ranks,† the more terrified the public became of impending doom from the atomic bomb. Furthermore, was worsened by the fact that political characters, like Brewster and the notorious Joseph McCarthy, were advising we look not only overseas for our enemy, but also to our neighbors. William Douglas, a Supreme Court Associate Justice at the time, made a strong observation of this trend: Maybe one of the great mockeries of the time is that, in our fear of Communism, the setting in America during the peak of the Soviet Union took on an air of disbelief comparable to that which occurred within the countries on the other side of the â€Å"Iron Curtain.† Heda Kovaly, which she stated in her book Under A Cruel Star, commonly defines the suppressive environment of fear that endured in postwar Czechoslovakia. Temporarily, in the United States, an article titled Red Channels was printed by a news journal that’s indicated the goal was to â€Å"expose the most important aspects of Communist activity in America each week. â€Å"The document listed more thanShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War On The United States And The Soviet Union1555 Words   |  7 PagesFuelled by aversion and escalation of competition, the Cold War marks history’s height of political and military tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. Despite fighting alongside in the Sec ond World War, tensions heighted and conflicting ideologies ripped these two nations apart. The rivalry, that consumed a large portion of the twentieth century, nearly brought the world to the brink of disaster. The strenuous relationship was characterized by the overwhelming sense of mutual doubtRead MoreInevitable Cold War On The United States And The Soviet War1683 Words   |  7 Pages Unavoidable Cold War Irina Shemetova History 12 Chris Nielsen, PhD June 13, 2015 Unavoidable Cold War The phrase cold war is associated with the so-called competition of the United States and the USSR, which began almost immediately after the Second World War. The Soviet Union was in fact a serious competitor to the United States in terms of the international prestige and as one of the most influential superpowers of the world at that time. Instead, the partnership between theRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union1268 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War grew out of post-World War II tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. Although the war did not bring about large scale fighting, there remained a constant threat of a catastrophic nuclear war. 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Historians have long argued andRead MoreThe Cold War Between The Soviet Union And The United States1252 Words   |  6 PagesAfter World War II, the practices of Communism, a political ideology, quickly spread from the Soviet Union to other countries in the Eastern Hemisphere. The United States, a country that practices democracy, avidly made it known to other nations that it opposed communist practices. In response to the rapid number of nations that were beginning to practice it, the United States set a goal to limit the amount of nations that practiced it. A poorly planned invasion by the United States on Cuba andRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union861 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the early stages of the cold war, there was a great fear of the communist regime. Tension between the United States and the Soviet Union were rising well into the 1950s. Many would wonder how the cold war between the two sides would end. 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Various pieces of propaganda and articles written during the time had largely impacted American popular opinion and had powerful effects on the culture among young men and women of the 1940’s and 1950’s. â€Å"The Red Iceberg† comic book cover, published and presented during the Cold War era, was one use of media thatRead MoreThe Cold War Developed Between The Soviet Union And The United States847 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War developed between the Soviet Union and the United States in response to post-World War II tensions between the two nations. The U.S. and the U.S. S.R. emerged from World War II as the only two countries able to propagate their specific social and political systems on a global scale. With expansive capitalist (United States) or communist (USSR) ideologies and powerful military forces, each nation feared and distrusted the other. This cultural clash resulted in mutual suspicions, propaganda

Essay On How Do We Change The Climate Of Law Enforcement

My view on what the discussion panel stated on â€Å"What keep them up at night† is they all have the same fear in regards to terrorism, which is interesting since they are all in intelligence to some degree. What this shows me is the threat is real and viable, if its keeping people awake at night. The panel explained that an attack on the homeland is the greatest threat, and I do have to agree with their statements, especially after looking at who they are in their respected agency within DHS. I see both sides of the answer to this question. On one side, the saying of â€Å"too many hands in the cookie jar†, holds true, which can cause issues between the multiple intelligence agencies, especially at the lower level of field agents. On the other†¦show more content†¦I’m not surprised about Hezbollah, they are a well funded, strong organization with a large amount of individuals within the group, and have a safe haven in Lebanon. It does not influence my outlook on the local and federal law enforcement. It just shows the two can work together and successfully bring down a terrorist cell within the U.S. Video: Who, in your view, presents the clearest argument? With which of the two arguments presented in the debate do you align yourself? I think Michelle Malkin presented the better argument. She presented relevant facts and was not trying to pull on the heartstrings of the audience, like Geraldo did. She also came across more professional and well versed in the topic, even writing a book on immigration. I align myself with Michelle Malkin and not with Geraldo Rivera. My view is they, illegal immigrants, committed a crime and did not follow the laws of the U.S., instead took the time to break the rules in order to cheat the system. In almost every other country, Immigration is very strict and illegals would not be allowed and they would be deported. 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